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Description
Avian Virology: Current Research and Future TrendsPaperback: ISBN 978 1 912530 10 6 EAN 9781912530106 This comprehensive book provides a timely update on all of the most important avian viruses, ranging from avian influenza virus, and infectious bronchitis virus to Marek's disease virus, and avian paramyxoviruses. The chapters are written by internationally recognized experts from all over the world who have made seminal contributions to their respective field of avian virus research. Each chapter
Paperback: ISBN 978-1-912530-10-6 EAN 9781912530106
This comprehensive book provides a timely update on all of the most important avian viruses, ranging from avian influenza virus, and infectious bronchitis virus to Marek's disease virus, and avian paramyxoviruses. The chapters are written by internationally recognized experts from all over the world who have made seminal contributions to their respective field of avian virus research. Each chapter covers the current knowledge on the history, genome organization, viral proteins, genetics, epizootiology, pathogenesis, immunity, diagnosis, prevention and control, and future challenges of these viruses. The book closes with a fascinating chapter that reviews the recent advances on avian immune responses to virus infection. This book is an invaluable reference source of timely information for students, virologists, immunologists, veterinarians, and scientists working on avian diseases.
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4.5 ★★★★★
Based on 596 reviews
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Product Reviews
★★★★★ 5
Fun for your dog and fun for you to watch their antics with this Interactive IQ Treat Ball
Size: 3 INCH, Pattern Name: IQ TREAT BALL 3"
This delightful ball is both a feeding utensil and a workout all in one! Your dog not only eats its calories, it burns them off at the same time!
I have a little dachshund, Sophi, who loves her treat ball. They call it a treat ball but I use it for kibble that fits inside. Sophi doesn't need more treats than just a few every few days. If you fill this with treats, it's too much in my opinion, unless you have a really playful dog who needs to gain weight.
You place the treats or kibbles inside one half of the ball (the one without the hole in it). Then you adjust the size of the hole in the white center piece to allow either one or a few pieces to fall into the chamber at a time. You place the white flat part over top of the kibbles and then screw on the other half. There is a hole in the end of the ball and once the kibble/treats roll around in the chamber and make their way through the one hole inside to the opposite chamber and then reach that hole, they fall out. Sounds complicated but it's not.
This ball teaches the dog that rolling the ball makes treats/kibble fall out and they get to enjoy them. This is where IQ in the name comes in. It doesn't take long for a dog to figure out that they get treats by rolling the ball around and making them fall out.
Not only does the dog get exercise pushing the ball around your floor, it really is entertaining to watch. Our Sophi hears the kibbles fall out and if she doesn't immediately see them, because the ball continues to roll, we get to see that "where are they?" and the floppy dachshund ears frantically searching. We have hardwood floors so the ball rolling quickly and bumping into table legs and furniture, Sophi trying to get the kibbles--it's quite a show that has us laughing a lot.
It's a sturdy plastic ball, easy to fill and easy to put together. Small enough to tuck into a bag for travel--about the size of a baseball, or smaller. Will roll easy on carpet with a dog pushing it with their nose or very quickly on hardwood.
Rather noisy on hardwood floors with the assertiveness of the dog and it bumping into things, so watching something on TV can be difficult. But the entertainment you get, who needs TV?
It'll only hold about 1/2 c or a little more of small kibbles (you cannot pack it full) so it's more for multiple feedings, snacking or play. I ordered 2 of these so that when one was used and needed cleaned, there was always a clean one. I throw them in dish water or the dishwasher, top rack with no problem. No cracks or breaks in almost a yr of use.
Highly recommend this interactive treat ball. Not only will your dog enjoy it, you will enjoy watching your dog enjoy it.
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Reviewed in the United States on November 22, 2015
★★★★★ 5
Great Energy Outlet for an Active Dog!
Size: 4 INCH, Pattern Name: IQ TREAT BALL 4"
I have a 1 year old Australian Shepherd/Border Collie/Cattle Dog mix named Josie. When you look up "hyper-active dog" in the dictionary, you'll find her picture. She could run for days if she wanted to. I am always looking for things to help keep her from getting bored, and this treat ball is great!
She was only about 3 or 4 months old when I got this and introduced it to her. With a little help from me, she figured it out in no time. Now she's a pro, and knows exactly how to paw at the ball to make it spin and fling food out.
I have the 5-inch ball. Josie's not a big dog (40lbs) and she can get her mouth around the ball to pick it up. She only does this when it rolls onto the linoleum floor in the kitchen. I think it gets too loud for her (and me too!). I always put it away when the food is gone so she doesn't use it as a chew toy. She has never gotten bored of pushing it around and decided to chew on it. She can hear the food rattling around inside and continues to play with it until it is empty. This isn't the type of toy that you would give to your dog, and then leave them unsupervised.
The ball is made out of hard plastic, and does make a loud banging when it runs into walls, chairs, etc., but it has never left any marks on my walls or furniture. I actually prefer she use it on the carpet because it's quieter and she always gets all of the food pieces (it works just as well on carpet as it does on a hard floor, fyi). If I lived on the bottom floor or in my own house, I wouldn't have a problem with her using it on hard floors, however she always brings it back to the carpet on her own when it rolls off.
I like that the hole on the middle divider is adjustable, and you can also just take the middle part out of the ball so you can fit more food inside, the dog can see the food so they're more motivated to get it, or to make it easier for a younger/older dog to get food out.
My dog loves this ball. She gets excited when I take it out and start filling it with food. With the divider it has enough room for half of her portion. She always goes for the ball first, empties it, then to her dish. When she's done eating she always lays down and takes a nice long nap. I know that she enjoys it, and it definitely gives her 15-20 minutes of good, mentally-stimulating indoor exercise. It also taps into their prey-drive, and I think that helps make your dog feel like a dog.
Overall this is another great buy from Amazon. I did see it at the pet store (after I had gotten mine) for double the price!
***If you have a dog that is food-motivated and needs something to do, buy this. It's worth it.***
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Reviewed in the United States on October 26, 2011
★★★★★ 3
Great toy while it lasts
Size: 3 INCH, Pattern Name: IQ TREAT BALL 3"
We purchased one of these for our 10 pound Malshipoo as she gets bored easily and this thing definitely keeps her busy for awhile while she tries to get the treats out. She rolls and kicks it hard enough that I'm sometimes fearful it will break but after having owned it for 14 months it's actually held together quite nicely to my surprise. I think it came apart once and that's probably because I didn't have it screwed on correctly. The only reason I didn't rate it higher was two things: First, I don't like that the top section is in two parts and you have to fit them together just right for it to screw on. Why not make it one solid piece on the top? The second reason I didn't rate it higher is the white plate with the hole you twist to make the hole bigger or smaller is now a lot looser so when our dog bangs this against a wall or anything hard the hole shifts and makes it bigger thus the game doesn't last as long. So I'm purchasing a new one and hoping this doesn't happen again. I guess it's just wear and tear but I would have like it to last longer than 14 months. Maybe I guess my expectations aren't realistic. Hopefully the next one lasts longer.
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Reviewed in the United States on February 18, 2025
★★★★★ 4
This is a good toy to keep some dogs busy
Size: 4 INCH, Pattern Name: IQ TREAT BALL 4"
I purchased this for my pitbull that is very food driven. One thing I first noticed about this ball is the type plastic it's made of. It's similar to the plastic they use for some cheap hamster balls. I would be cautious If you live in a two story home that doesn't have carpeted stairs because this my break after falling down the stairs or a few drops from a few feet. If you have a small dog, be cautious if they bite onto the ball because they can get their teeth stuck in the small holes. I would also advise people with large dogs with strong jaws from this toy because if they crush this plastic, the edges will be sharp enough to cut their mouths.
The first thing you would have to do is adjust the center white disc to the size of the treats. If you make the hole too big, too many treats will fall out too fast and it will shorten the time you dog will play with this. You can put small training training treats or dog food in the bottom half of the ball. I use my dogs food for my dog. Be mindful of the amount of the treat's calories and the quantity you put in the ball. Just make sure you account the extra calories for the amount of exercise your dog receives otherwise you may have a chubby doggy. After filling the bottom half and placing the white disc on top of it, all you have to do is screw on the top and its ready for your dog to work for their tasty snacks.
I wouldn't have given this to my dog when she was younger because was the type of dog that would of destroyed the toy when she was aggravated with it just to get to the treats. Now she's learned to figure out toys before she brings it to me to help her out. I usually fill it up with some low calorie food and when she gets down to the last few bits, she gives up on the toy and leaves it where it is or brings it back to me to open it up for the last few pieces. I was surprised after several uses, the lid never accidentally came unscrewed while my dog was playing with it.
Overall this is a good toy to keep my dog occupied for 20-30 minutes. Shes a pretty smart dog and shes learned how to get the treats out fairly quick. Your mileage may vary depending on the size and shape of your treats you put in.
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Reviewed in the United States on December 31, 2017
★★★★★ 5
Kept our dog busy!
Color: Navy Blue, Color: Navy Blue
We have a 4 month old corgi and he is obsessed with this toy. The puzzle pieces move really easily so they are able to get into it but also create enough of a puzzle for them to move around.
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Reviewed in the United States on April 21, 2026
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